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        "damLength":1400,
        "distance":null,
        "drainageArea":175,
        "eapId":1,
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        "projectDescription":"The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) operates and maintains more than 700 dams across the United States. A dam is an earthen embankment and/or solid concrete structure that is built across a river, stream, or other waterway to temporarily hold back and store water that would otherwise flow downstream. More detail related to this specific dam will be added at a future time.",
        "riskCharSummary":"DA risk assessment of Birch Hill Dam was last completed in 2016 and has identified the risks associated with the dam as Low. This classification is based primarily on the low likelihood of failure of the dam and catastrophic flooding occurring and impacting the population living downstream of the dam. The dam significantly reduces the risk of flooding to the surrounding communities. However, it does not entirely eliminate the risk. The most likely scenario that could result in downstream flooding from Birch Hill Dam would be an uncontrolled high volume release of water from the dam\u2019s spillways during significant storm events. The amount of water being released could be great enough to cause flooding in downstream communities. Such higher releases from the spillway could create conditions similar to how the river might behave during a flood event if the dam did not exist.\n\nThere are three extremely unlikely, but far more devastating scenarios that would result in failure of the dam and downstream flooding: (1) Failure of the main spillway, resulting in a surge of water flowing through the opening created by a missing portion or portions of the spillway structure, and (2) water seeping through the earth embankment and/or the bedrock foundation resulting in voids in the dam as the soil erodes, potentially weakening the dam. Were either of these events to occur, an uncontrolled surge of water would flow out of the reservoir, flooding downstream communities. Athol, and Orange, MA, are the major areas in immediate danger in the event of the flood. Towns and cities further downstream, including Greenfield, and Northampton, MA would also be impacted, but less so. \n\nEven though very unlikely, if any of the scenarios described above were to occur, the downstream floodwater would be swift and deep, destroying buildings and key infrastructure, and those caught unaware and/or unable to evacuate could perish. In the less likely dam breach scenarios, the water depth, property damage, and lives lost would likely be far greater than flooding due to spillway discharges. In a worst-case scenario, water could be almost as high as a two-story building.",
        "riskManagementMeasures":"No emergency situation currently exists at Birch Hill Dam and under normal circumstances, there is very low risk to the public.  Should a crisis occur, we will use our expertise to quickly find a solution to resume normal operations. While we cannot completely eliminate risk, we will take actions to reduce the risks.  We closely monitor the performance of Birch Hill Dam and will modify operations, if necessary, to lower risk to the public. We will continue to work closely with state and local emergency managers, conducting emergency exercises, and incorporate any new information into our Emergency Action Plan for the dam. We will also continue rigorous monitoring and surveillance of the dam, especially during high water events. We closely follow rainfall forecasts to determine when high water events may occur so that necessary flood warnings may be issued in a timely manner. Regular maintenance and repairs are performed as needed to keep the dam functioning properly.",
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        "submitDate":"2023-02-16T17:25:11.615Z",
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        "yearCompleted":1942,
        "congDist":"Congressional District 02, Massachusetts",
        "city":"ATHOL",
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        "websiteUrl":"https://www.nae.usace.army.mil/Missions/Civil-Works/Flood-Risk-Management/Massachusetts/Birch-Hill/",
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