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        "projectDescription":"The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) completed construction of Benbrook Dam in February 1951. The structure is located on the Clear Fork, a tributary of the West Fork of the Trinity River, approximately 17 miles southwest of the City of Fort Worth in Tarrant County, Texas. Benbrook Lake is a multi-purpose reservoir designed for flood risk management (FRM), water supply, recreation, and environmental benefits. It is a unit of the Trinity River Basin System, which consists of eight USACE lakes and various channel improvements and levees operated to reduce the risk of downstream flooding along the Trinity River. The dam is an earthen embankment, approximately 1.7 miles long and consists of the following three components: a 130-foot-tall main embankment used to retain the water for the lake; an outlet works, which includes lifting gates and a pipe through the dam, used to regulate water releases and water storage; and an ungated spillway, which allows water to flow out when lake levels exceed the available flood storage. The ungated spillway is a safety measure to prevent the lake levels from overflowing the top of the dam in extreme flood events. It is also important because it directs how and where water is released. The reservoir is kept at or below the conservation pool elevation for most of the year. When heavy rains occur, surface water runoff is stored in the reservoir until the swollen streams and rivers below the dam recede and can handle the release of stored water minimizing loss of life, property, and negative impacts to the environment. Sometimes water must be released to protect the dam\u2019s integrity even though these streams and rivers may have already reached or exceeded their capacity.",
        "riskCharSummary":"Although Benbrook Dam reduces the risk of flooding to downstream communities, the dam does not eliminate the risk of flooding. The most likely scenario that could result in downstream flooding due to floodwaters passed through the dam is high volume releases from Benbrook Dam through the outlet works and ungated spillway during high water events. These surcharge operational releases occur when the reservoir's flood storage capacity is exceeded and excess water flows through the spillway. Benbrook Dam is designed to reduce the peak flooding levels downstream without risking the structural integrity of the dam. Despite the flood reduction benefits of the dam provides, very rare, severe storms could still produce high surcharge releases with the potential to exceed the capacity of the downstream channels and impact the communities of Benbrook, Fort Worth, Arlington, Irving, and Dallas, putting thousands of people at risk.\n\nIn February 2020, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) completed a risk assessment to evaluate the dam\u2019s potential hazards, expected performance, and associated consequences. The risk assessment classified risks associated with Benbrook Dam as moderate. This classification is based on the potential for high life loss and consequences due to unlikely, but a far more devastating scenario than presented above, that would produce significant flooding. Risk for Benbrook Dam is driven by an extremely unlikely flood event, unlike anything ever experienced in the area, resulting in water flowing over the top of the dam, potentially leading to erosion of the embankment and an eventual dam breach. In the remote event of a dam breach, downstream flood waters would be deep and would move swiftly through cities located along the Clear and West Forks of the Trinity River through Tarrant and Dallas Counties, including downtown Fort Worth and downtown Dallas. This flooding due to dam breach could overflow levees and cause catastrophic damage to buildings and critical infrastructure. Flooded river depths immediately downstream of the dam could exceed the height of a four-story building. Additionally, there would be flood impacts experienced along the Trinity River all the way to the Gulf of America. Also, some evacuation routes would be under water, increasing evacuation distances. Although the large downstream communities have thorough, well-practiced emergency action plans; local emergency managers who meet regularly with USACE to discuss emergency response to flood events; and local emergency managers who are aware of the unlikely potential for dam failure, if a breach of the dam were to occur, it would result in severe economic damages and thousands of people\u2019s lives would be at risk within the inundated area.",
        "riskManagementMeasures":"The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Fort Worth District continuously takes additional steps to reduce the risk to the public. This includes working closely with local emergency managers to encourage and support the development and update of local evacuation plans to maximize evacuation time and designated evacuation routes. The Emergency Action Plan is updated and exercised annually, improving emergency response and coordination between USACE elements and downstream federal, state, county, city agencies, and stakeholders. USACE also communicates risks associated with Benbrook Dam annually with stakeholders and Emergency Managers. Inspections and monitoring are performed regularly to ensure the health and safety of the dam, and surveillance and inspections are increased as the lake elevation rises. Regular maintenance and repairs are performed as needed to keep the dam functioning properly. The performance of Benbrook Dam is monitored by an instrumentation system, allowing USACE staff to evaluate the dam for changing conditions. In addition, USACE continues to identify and implement interim risk reduction measures such as conducting regular surveillance of the dam, assessing the current instrumentation program, providing needed maintenance and repairs such as filling the low spots in the crest, and stockpiling materials for emergency flood fighting. Risk management of Grapevine Dam is a priority for USACE at the national level which has led to higher level assessments in recent years. To understand the circumstances related to the concerns raised during a prior risk assessment, USACE conducted a more detailed analysis of the flood risks associated with the dam and incorporated the recommendations into the risk management measures discussed here.",
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        "congDist":"Congressional District 12, Texas",
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