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        "projectDescription":"The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) completed construction of Berlin Dam across the Mahoning River in 1943 to hold back water during flood events to reduce the risk of downstream flooding in the low-lying communities in the Mahoning River valley, including Newton Falls, Leavittsburg, Warren, and Niles, Ohio.  The dam is located about ten miles northeast of Alliance, Ohio and forms the Berlin Lake.  Berlin Dam has reduced flood damage by more than an estimated $2.8 billion since the start of operations. The reservoir stores rainfall to maintain downstream flow within the downstream riverbanks and releases water after flood events; provides water supply; and provides numerous opportunities for recreation.  Berlin Dam is composed of both a concrete portion and an earthen (embankment) portion with a maximum height of 96 feet and a length of about 5,750 feet.  The concrete portion of the dam has spillway gates designed to release a large volume of water during significant rainfall events to reduce the possibility that water from the reservoir will overtop the dam.  The reservoir serves to store rainfall from spring through early summer to augment flow during the drier late summer and early autumn months, provides water supply to the Mahoning Valley Sanitary District, and can be used for recreational purposes.",
        "riskCharSummary":"The most recent risk assessment for Berlin Dam was completed in 2017, which characterized the risk posed by the dam as very low.  The dam was well-constructed and is well-maintained.  However, large populations live downstream of Berlin Dam, including those in Lake Milton, Craig Beach, Newton Falls, Leavittsburg, Warren, and Niles, Ohio, and other low-lying communities on the Mahoning and Beaver rivers. Although the dam reduces the risk of flooding \nto these communities, it does not eliminate flooding. The most likely scenario resulting in downstream flooding from Berlin Dam would be a high-volume release over the dam\u2019s spillway during an unusually large and intense storm event.  Water released over the spillway could create conditions similar to how the river would behave if the dam had not been constructed.  \n\nThere are less likely, but far more devastating flooding scenarios that exist.: An extreme rainfall event during which reservoir water flows over the spillway, could cause one of the dam segments to slide downstream, resulting in breach of the dam and release of the reservoir.  Although the extreme rainfall event would be unlikely to raise the reservoir to levels that would be higher than the embankment portions of the dam, water could be washed over the top of the embankment, causing the embankment to erode, resulting in breach of the dam and release of the reservoir. Finally, during an extreme rainfall event, the resulting high reservoir level could create high water pressure near the bottom of the embankment dam where it meets the concrete portion of the dam.  If this occurs, the soil at this location could erode and, if unchecked, the erosion could extend from the downstream side of the embankment upstream to the reservoir.  If this occurs, the area of erosion could grow to the point that the embankment dam breaches, and the reservoir drains rapidly. Although such a precipitation event leading to a breach is extremely rare, it is a possibility.\n\nIn any of these scenarios, a large surge of water would flow out of the reservoir, flooding downstream communities.  Communities, including Lake Milton, that are closer to the dam, are in more immediate danger of a significant flood event and may have little advanced warning.  Cities and communities further downstream of the dam, such as Niles, have larger populations and possibly less awareness of the dam but will have more warning. For the scenarios described above, the downstream floodwater would be swift and deep, possibly overflowing the banks on the Mahoning and Beaver Rivers, destroying buildings and infrastructure.  Anyone caught unaware and/or unable to evacuate could perish.  In the less likely dam breach scenarios, the water depth, property damage, and lives lost would likely be far greater.",
        "riskManagementMeasures":"USACE will continue to work closely with state and local emergency managers, conduct emergency exercises and incorporate any new information into our emergency action plans. We will study whether there are additional measures that we can take to reduce the risk of dam breach associated with high reservoir levels.  We will continue rigorous monitoring and surveillance of the dam and will do so more frequently during high-water events.  Rainfall forecasts and reservoir levels are routinely monitored and if a high-water event is forecast, we will promptly inform local and state emergency managers so that they can take protective actions, make flood warnings, and prepare for emergency responses.  We will work with local communities to provide opportunities to engage with residents to help them understand how they can better prepare for a potential flood.  In partnership with the US Geologic Survey and the National Weather Service, information on current lake levels at the Berlin reservoir is available to the public via the internet at:  \n\nhttps://waterdata.usgs.gov/monitoring-location/03090000/#dataTypeId=continuous-62615-0&period=P7D&showMedian=true",
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        "yearCompleted":1943,
        "congDist":"Congressional District 06, Ohio",
        "city":"BERLIN CENTER",
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